Diabetes Type 1 Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Diabetes Type 1 - Research Paper Example The World Health Organization (WHO) evaluates that there are more than 177 million cases worldwide and this number will increment to at any rate 370 million by 2030 (Gad et al., 2003). Further, the illness is related with a progression of optional wellbeing inconveniences. Diabetes Mellitus (DM) Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is portrayed by relentless and variable hyperglycemia (high blood glucose levels). Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM), otherwise called insulin-subordinate DM, youth DM, or adolescent beginning DM, most normally presents in kids and teenagers. The commonplace period of beginning is under 25 years (Pepper, 2006). Likewise, as opposed to T2DM, T1DM event is commonly in people who are lean as opposed to corpulent (Myers, 2005). T1DM establishes roughly 10% of all people with DM and happens for the most part in populaces of Europe and North America (Champe et al., 2005; Gillespie, 2006). T1DM is expanding in occurrence all around at a pace of about 3% every year (Champe et al. , 2005). Like a wide range of DM, T1DM is related with expanded hazard for and a high frequency of specific intricacies. Consequently, DM by and large has been viewed as a condition of metabolic irregularities (for example metabolic turmoil of glucose, protein, lipids, water and electrolytes), microvascular ailment (for example retinopathy, neuropathy, and nephropathy), and macrovascular ailment (for example ... T1DM patients are regularly youthful at the hour of finding. In spite of the fact that the pathogenic components are dynamic at an opportune time, difficulties as a rule grow later as the malady advances and are not as basic during beginning times. Etiology of T1DM Type 1 diabetes is the consequence of the loss of ? cells, which hence prompts lacking emission of insulin. It is commonly acknowledged that Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (IDDM) is an immune system illness. The specific reason or reasons for the ailment are as yet muddled, be that as it may, a blend of hereditary and ecological variables appear to be included. Proof for a hereditary helplessness to IDDM is appeared through family considers. Around 6% of kin of individuals with T1D will likewise build up the infection, as contrasted and a pervasiveness of .4% in everybody (Levin and Tomer 2003; Leoni 2003). Offspring of diabetics additionally have a higher danger of gaining diabetes: around 3-6% of diabetic posterity get diabetes, contrasted and .4% of everyone. Intriguingly, the sexual orientation of the diabetic parent additionally appears to add to malady transmission, with posterity of diabetic dads being at a more serious hazard (about 9%) than those of diabetic moms (about 3%). Information from twin investigations (for example Levin and Tomer 2003; Leoni 2003) likewise appear to emphatically propose a hereditary inclination to IDDM. Concordance rates for monozygotic twins change between 35 - 70%, while the concordance rates for dizygotic twins is around 11 %. These rates increment with the time since proband determination; for instance, concordance is 43% inside 12 years of proband analysis, and half inside 40 years. Period of proband determination additionally is by all accounts a vital factor: the concordance rate for twins of

Leonardo Da Vinci as a pioneer in science Essay Example For Students

Leonardo Da Vinci as a pioneer in science Essay It wereâ easier for the develop acumen to recoup that confidence in fantasies which is the benefit and delight of adolescence, than for any of us to come back to a perspective which illuminated men have since a long time ago abandoned. On the off chance that our creative mind be sharp and our compassion speedy, we can maybe comprehend what it was that our harbingers accepted, yet we will never feel towards it as they felt. There are no dryads in the forested areas, no naiads in the streams, for us ; the impolitely slashed square of wood is no fixation to which we bow ; the tale of griffin or vampire doesn't dismay ; the naã ¯ve medieval marvel created by some devout relic has no capacity to affirm our confidence : in these things we identify at the most a moral story or a fantasy. The race makes certain advances, as a voyager travels through an unusual nation around evening time, without having the option to outline its course. Not exclusively are the entryways of birth and passing enveloped by the fogs of lethe, yet so too are the limits of progress. Just in the domain of reason, and of ethics got from reason, do all men stroll as equivalents and counterparts. The delusion of extravagant, the mist of strange notion, evaporate as the sun of reason wins ; once men viewed them as lasting real factors ; now we realize that they were fleeting ; thus lies the distinction among us and our ancestors,â€a contrast total and unalterable. As we are more adapted so are we more modern than our dads. We falter to state of any reality â€Å"This is final,† in light of the fact that conclusion infers a world bound in firm unchangeableness, while we see that our own is a familiar and unfurling world. This recognition, which is coming to be the basic property of cultivatedâ men, even of the individuals who endeavor most genuinely against it, recognizes the Modern from the Middle Age. To us, everything is in procedure of advancement; to the medieval, all thingsâ€religion, science, gov-vernmentâ€were fixed. The earth itself was to him the focal point of the universe, a fixed point round which the planets, sun, and stars rotated; his religion, figured some time before as indicated by heavenly transcription, may be neither revised, nor put being referred to. Reasoning was not the investigation of the endless by limited man, yet the activity of his psyche along an obviously characterized way which consistently bende d back to the beginning stage. Science was a blend of halftruths and absurdities: the decree of Aristotle, Ptolemy, or Galen being acknowledged as trustworthy, in any event, when obviously repudiated by the experience of consistently. Government, in principle at any rate, was an unbending plan fated from the earliest starting point. I am not worried to bring up what advantage the race got from that period of recipes ; benefits there were, if just in the information picked up that the spirit can't thrive in servitude ; my motivation is to point out new the differentiation between that age and our own, all together that we may gauge the size of the accomplishment of such men as Leonardo da Vinci who split away from mediaevalism, and who, however encompassed by conditions totally un-like our own, all things considered has a place in soul with our time as opposed to his own. That soul was the soul of request, the cutting edge soul; the medieval didn't ask, he underestimated. Not just in every one of those contemplations which frequent genuine mindsâ€the nature of God, im-mortality, conscienceâ€did he acknowledge without dispute the announcements passed on to him, yet in addition in simply physical undertakings was he un-basic. Peruse the manual of the clinical school of Salerno, and perceive how gossip and str ange notion replaced perception in the treatment of the least difficult type of ailment. Peruse Brunetto Latini’s â€Å"Natural History† and see what dreams were spread concerning the collective of animals. One model will outline the general disposition of mediaevals towards showing realities : There was an old tale that lizards can live in the most blazing fire. A cutting edge would have placed a lizard in the fire and watched the impact; the medieval, in actuality, never thought of applying so basic aâ test,â€he accepted the tale, and gravely rehashed it. His routine mentality was one of credulity. We need not wonder at this. Request surmises numbness, a commendable want to clean up questions. We don't argument about the augmentation table. Be that as it may, to the medieval a definitive riddles of human predetermination were entirely expelled from the pale of request; he probably won't comprehend the abnormal plan of the manifestation, of vicarious amends, of the revival, yet he trusted it, and accepting, he stopped to ask. He didn't question the truth of paradise or of limbo: he was more sure of the presence of hellfire than of the nations past his local mountains. This conviction couldn't yet demoralize examination concerning the base puzzles. Also, his statement of faith would in general cause him to detest the material world in which he lived. The Christianity which he affirmed was a composite of Hebrew, Persian, and agnostic convictions, which had been fitted together at various occasions. That they were commonly contra-dictory didn't inconvenience him, since he gave a proof of his confidence when he accepted inconceivable regulations ; that they clashed with the straightforward, real educating of Christ didn't inconvenience him, since that instructing came to him after chambers, specialists, and a hundred popes had stepped their few understandings upon it. Among the odd regulations which had twisted itself round early Christianity was the Manichaean tenet that issue is the result of an insidious standard, a Devil, who wars never-endingly against God, the maker of soul. This being acknowledged as obvious, the piece of the passionate medieval was plain : he endeavored to shun the material world as the Devil’s real m. This world included, obviously, his own body, which he embarrassed to the wonder of God and the frustration of Satan. To have permitted his regard for meander to the procedures of nature and to have analyzed into their causes would have been unholy and hazardous : unholy, on the grounds that in this manner he would have given to crafted by God’s foe intrigue which he should sanctify to God alone ; risky, in light of the fact that the Devil had shrewdly planted the universe of issue with draws to catch the spirits of men. Also, after all what would it be able to benefit him to gain proficiency with all conceivable information concerning the material world? In God’s world, in paradise, whichâ he wanted to enter after a short outcast here beneath, such information would be unimportant, futile, reprobate. His body, accordingly, was not only a dormant obstruct to salvation, it was the dynamic partner of the Fiend, who spread before all of the real detects attractions to tempt the spirit away from the examination of God. Delight got interchangeable with wrongdoing ; magnificence was the cov er of allurement. Just by a demanding austerity, a humiliation of the faculties, and a destitute of every unremarkable want, could the medieval enthusiast cheat the Devil. What Was the Renaissance Like EssayWhat we do know, in any case, is that in the fifteenth century a couple of men started to examine nature, probably from the outset, and with no hunch of the outcomes which such examination would reach. Principal among them was Leonardo da Vinci. Different examiners of that century, Copernicus the most obvious, have positioned higher than he in the chronicles of science; yet none, as I would like to appear, equalled him in logical gift. He was disenthralled from medieval biases, for he had a disposition so cleansed of speculations that in moving toward another reality his sole point was to find the genuine idea of that reality, unbiassed by what others had found in it. His interest was unquenchable ; his techniques were perception and test; his development was from the known to the obscure, though the medieval, as we have seen, underestimated the obscure, and stopped to ask. That Leonardo’s achievementsâ in science and development ought to ne ver have had due acknowledgment, is to be ascribed to some extent to their incredible rangeâ€the world recollects longer him who ventures farthest a solitary way, than him who voyages .far in many; and to some degree to a mishap which covered them for three centuries. Indeed, even now we have however a blemished record of them. Not as a contender for remiss fameâ€Leonardo’s acclaim is secureâ€but as a pioneer of the advanced soul, and as a most loved whom Nature trusted, let us consider him here. The significant realities in Leonardo da Vinci’s life can be quickly told. The regular child of a Florentine legal official, he was conceived at the stronghold of Vinci, on the Arno, among Florence and Pisa, in 1452. Vasari relates accounts of his young giftedness, which regularly aston-ished his educators, and of his affection for music. Being concede ted ahead of schedule into the studio of Verrocchio, he learned work of art and model, yet additionally the goldsmith’s workmanship, which, we may comment, had an impact not effectively to be registered in providing for the Florentine School of Painting that exactness, that dedication to the line, which recognize it from the Venetian School. How the youthful Leonardo painted into one of his lords pictures a blessed messenger a long ways past Verrocchio’s expertise, and how he drew a Gorgon’s head so life-like that it terrified people who happened upon it unprepared, need not here be rehashed. In 1472 he was at that point an autonomous craftsman, and during the following eight or nine years he worked in Florence, however to what reason we can just estimate, as practically all the products of this period have been lost. In 1480 he tended to a wonderful letter to Lodovico Sforza, dictator of Milan, requesting business and laying boss weight on his capacity as a military architect. The letter presented to him an encouragement to go to Milan, where he was occupied with mechanical and building undertakings, toward the path

Final Paper Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Last Paper Assignment - Essay Example Bonnie is played by Faye Dunaway, while Clyde is played by Warren Beatty. In spite of the fact that the two movies portray a storyline of two darlings who collaborate to do wrongdoing, the plot, message, savagery levels, reason, and the finale contrast. Common Born Killers and Bonnie and Clyde demonstrate that the world is a general public of media-crazed and big name fixated individuals who glamorize wrongdoing and savagery. Arthur Penn, Bonnie and Clyde’s chief, built up a plot that the individuals would cherish, a plot that would make the crowd begin to look all starry eyed at Bonnie and Clyde; he made it seem as though society made Bonnie and Clyde the brutal individuals that they were. Then again, Oliver Stone utilized Natural Born Killers to parody the media’s fixation on mass killers and sequential executioners, and the impact of this fixation on the general population. There are different similitudes and contrasts in how the two film noirs transfer their message; in any case, at long last, it is obvious that the media assumes a focal job in promoting and helping the lawbreakers by spreading polarizing thoughts, following everything they might do, and helping them escape from jail. The two motion pictures depend on a sentimental couple that decides to do perpetrate wrongdoing; Arthur Penn and Oliver Stone utilize their movies to acquaint the watchers with a universe of important malice suing their two characters, such that Western movies had never observed. The disputable film noirs acquaint us with the characters of Clyde and Mickey just like the deliverers of Bonnie and Mallory’s lives individually. Bonnie and Mallory originate from upset pasts, and they are sick of the manner in which they lead their lives. Bonnie is sick of life as a server, and Mallory is burnt out on living in an oppressive home, in this manner, meeting the joyful characters of Clyde and Mickey makes them extravagant the life of opportunity without limitation. Stone utilizes the tasteful of high contrast to depict the considerations of Mickey and Mallory when they

Urbanization in ancient Greece Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Urbanization in antiquated Greece - Essay Example One key attribute of these settlements was absence of legislative authority past the limits of the town (Chant et al, 2000). Also, these towns didn't have any workshops or open structures. Such populist social orders endured on considerably after the presentation of horticulture. The populist social orders were delineated and transformed into practically specific units by the arrangement of states and urbanization (Chant et al, 1999). This procedure occurred freely in various districts of the world, most likely beginning from the Southwest Asian area, which was exceptionally ripe. The developmental time alluded to the period between the years 7000 to 5000 BC, which was described by urbanization and state improvement, which supplemented one another. Upon the definition of the libertarian culture, there rose craftspeople, ranchers, troopers, heads, shippers and clerics, with the urban communities turning into the human advancement center (Chant, 1999). In the advancement of Greece urban areas, the indigenous habitat just as the current innovations assumed a key job. These urban areas were worked in around the eighth century by the Greeks. Separating how the state of the structures in the urban areas was impacted by the common habitat or the accessible advances isn't simple. This is on the grounds that there exists a unique connection between the common habitat and innovation, with each forming or being molded by the other. Military advances and needs were significant determinants in the format and development of Greek urban areas. A portion of the underlying urban communities in Greece developed because of weight since the individuals expected to safeguard themselves structure their foes. Subsequently they were commonly situated on rough positions, which were viewed as faultless. They were likewise situated some good ways from the harbor, with substantial stronghold (Chant et al, 2000). Divider building end up being the most costly and arduous errand and included exceptionally amazing designing achievements in the engineering of Greece. Stone was in plenitude and was utilized the structure material, with its properties deciding the style of development. For example, lintels and posts were oftentimes utilized in the development of open landmarks. Stone, which was the structure material of decision, required lifting innovations that used individuals instead of cranes (Chant et al, 1999). Cranes were not being used until some other time, in 515 BC and past. They came into utilization because of work lack and not in view of their capacity of lifting bigger squares of stone. The impromptu development of the most punctual settlements was subbed by more proper structures, principally after Persian assaults in the fifth century. With the progression of innovation in the military, it got important to embrace a guarded design for the city avenues. During the time spent the recreation of these urban areas, there was improvement of various town arranging speculations, a large portion of which were incorporated, with the matrix plan getting normal. Aristotle upheld for a city plan of a protective sort, which utilizes both the sporadic and customary highlights. This, he contended, was planned for accommodating the strain of moving both the hardware and troops effectively, and to befuddle any aggressors (Chant, 2000). Regular habitat The area of prior settlements was for the most part dictated by the characteristic

Emotion Regulation Therapy for GAD What to Expect

Emotion Regulation Therapy for GAD What to Expect GAD Treatment Print What to Expect With Emotion Regulation Therapy for GAD An Introduction to ERT By Deborah R. Glasofer, PhD twitter linkedin Deborah Glasofer, PhD is a professor of clinical psychology and practitioner of cognitive behavioral therapy. Learn about our editorial policy Deborah R. Glasofer, PhD Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on October 31, 2016 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on May 12, 2019 Generalized Anxiety Disorder Overview Symptoms & Diagnosis Causes Treatment Living With In Children erhui1979 / Getty Images Emotion regulation therapy (ERT) is a type of psychotherapy that has been successfully tested in adults with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and those with co-occurring GAD and major depressive disorder (MDD).  Born out of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) tradition, ERT integrates components of cognitive, acceptance and mindfulness-based approaches. Research has shown that ERT effectively and significantly reduces GAD and MDD symptoms by the end of a course of treatment. The benefits remain at least three and six months after treatment has ended. Preliminary studies of the mechanism of the intervention (i.e., the possible ways in which it is impacting change) support the idea that this type of talk therapy helps people better attend to emotional conflict and become less reactive to it. Though initially conceptualized as an intervention for those with chronic anxiety and recurrent mood problems, ERT is also undergoing evaluation as a treatment for people experiencing expectedly high, continuous distress such as caregivers to loved ones with cancer. What Exactly Is ERT? ERT is a present-focused, structured psychotherapy that emphasizes awareness of emotions, acknowledgment of the conflict between desires for safety and value-guided action, creation of a healthy distance from harsh, critical thoughts about the self, and adoption of a more compassionate view of the self. Emotional awareness is developed through education about the purpose of feelings. The use of meditation exercises aimed to help reduce emotional avoidanceâ€"to improve tolerance of the presence of multiple, sometimes conflicting, emotions and sensations. Emotions are conceptualized as arising from within and reflecting competing motivations. From the ERT perspective, people with chronic anxiety and low mood  worry  a lot, ruminate, and look to others for  reassurance  as ways to avoid unpleasant feelings and feel more secure about themselves or their circumstance. At the same time, these individuals really want to behave in line with their particular  life values. The motivational pulls of safety and reward may be experienced as conflicting with one another. Sometimes it is also hard to step far enough away from the worry or self-criticism to figure out the most rewarding course of action. In ERT,  imagery, exposure, and internal role-play is practiced during and between sessions to help individuals establish a healthy distance from their negative, perpetually critical voice. During ERT role plays, the therapist facilitates a dialogue between the patient’s conflicting internal voices. The goal of this exercise is to be able to cope better with an internal, distressed voice while continuing to act in accordance with ones values. Overall, this type of therapy aims to help people who are stuck in their headsâ€"ruminating, worry, and so onâ€"to return to the moment with increased awareness and ability to act with clarity towards identified goals. How Is It Different From Traditional CBT or  Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT)? Unlike CBT, the cognitive work of ERT does not focus explicitly on labeling cognitive distortions. While there is a shared aim of enhancing awareness of one’s thought patterns and their impact on behavior, ERT stresses the development of compassionate self-talk over the overt weighing of evidence for and against a particular belief. ACT and ERT overlap in their goal of reducing the struggle to control or eliminate distressing emotions and enhancing proactive involvement in activities consistent with personal values. However, unlike ACT, ERT utilizes exposure- and behavioral-activation-based techniques during and between sessions in the latter phase of treatment. Who Provides ERT? An ERT therapist will be an active guide during a  session. Clinicians who provide this type of psychotherapy receive specific training in it. The therapist could be a psychiatrist, psychologist, social worker, or mental health counselor. Ask about your treatment provider’s training background to ensure that they are experienced with this technique. What Happens During  an ERT Session? In the initial phase of ERT, the goals are to gain emotional awareness and tolerance and to begin to “catch yourself reacting” in the moment. Mindfulness of emotions is practiced routinely. Meditations are used, particularly in the service of helping people to gain perspective on difficult moments, feelings, and beliefs. The latter phase of ERT integrates exposure and behavioral activation principles in and between sessions. Sessions, therefore, might include a worry exposure, guided imagery of a feared scenario with a desired coping response, or role-play exercises in which an individual hears from and talks to his or her “worry voice.” ERT therapists may start sessions with an imagery exercise. Written (and ultimately, behavioral) homework is commonly assigned and then reviewed in-session. More information about the ERT approach can be found on the website maintained by the treatment’s developers, Douglas Mennin, Ph.D. and David Fresco, Ph.D. How Can  I Find an ERT Therapist? For help finding an ERT therapist, try referral sources such as   The Association for Contextual Behavioral ScienceThe Association for Behavioral and Cognitive TherapiesThe Anxiety and Depression Association of America

Dracula A Breaker Of Sexuality and Gender Roles In the Victorian-era - Free Essay Example

For centuries, monsters have been used to portray many bad qualities, personalities, and versions of humans. Monsters are used to help us cope with our fears and worst nightmares in society. According to Patricia Donovan, who wrote an article titled Monster Culture, fear of monsters has brought many communities and cultures together in the past (1). Many monsters are created to teach society a lesson in a way that they will pay attention, fear. When it comes to the infamous Dracula, he can represent many societal problems. Such as, sex, sexuality, sexual liberation, and gender roles. Dracula disrupts gender roles by sometimes taking the role of a motherly figure to other vampires. Which is different than the Victorian societal normalities. Dracula also challenges sexuality, by having totally different standards compared to the Victorian-era expectations. Bram Stokers infamous novel, Dracula is what brought Dracula into the limelight. The gothic horror novel was released in 1897, and it introduced Count Dracula. The novel tells the story of Draculas journey to move from Transylvania to England, so he can find new blood and spread the vampiric curse. Upon the release, Dracula wasnt an immediate success. The gothic novel had a lot of mixed reactions, due to the vulgarity and the sexual themes throughout the novel. As many decades passed, the novel started to get praised for the literary themes and concepts. Modern day readers appreciated and understood the importance of the novel, whereas Victorian-era readers seen the novel as a good adventure book. Sexuality has always been a prevalent part of society. Its been a recent hot topic and theres a lot of controversy that surrounds a persons sexuality. Not that there should be, but the world has many different views on sexuality. Whether its stereotypes or assumptions, someones sexuality will always be questioned, even a terrifying monster known as Dracula. This all stems from Bram Stokers Dracula, that sparked the questioning of Draculas sexuality. Sexuality in Dracula is pretty complicated, ultimately pointing out the sexual repression of men and women during the Victorian-era. Women during the Victorian-era were expected to be pure until marriage and not show any sexualbehavior that was considered promiscuous. In Dracula, Bram Stoker writes characters that come face to face with sexuality. Sexual repression is at the core of this theme. Both men and women are sexually repressed. As witnessed by Jonathan Harkers thoughts and actions during his jail time at Draculas castle. His sexual repression is best described in the following quote: I was afraid to raise my eyelids, but looked out and saw perfectly under the lashes. The girl went on her knees, and bent over me, simply gloating. There was a deliberate voluptuousness which was both thrilling and repulsive, and as she arched her neck, she actually licked her lips like an animalI closed my eyes in a languorous ecstasy and waitedwaited with beating heart.(Stoker. Chapter 3, page 8). To add onto the previous point abow, Jonathan Harker is about to be bitten by Draculas three daughters. The vampire women are highly sexualized and sensuous. They are free to act on their sexual desires, which is the exact opposite of men and women in Victorian-era society. When Jonathan is closing his eyes, it demonstrates that his inability to handle an open sexuality. But at the same time, he wants his desires to be met by stating that he was waiting in ecstasy. Jonathan wants the vampiric women to take advantage of him, since he views her sexual expressiveness as desirable. On the other hand, hes feeling shame because her sexual expressiveness is seen as repulsive as well. During the Victorian-era, women were very sexually repressed and werent allowed to be sexual beings. But in Dracula, when the women are turned into vampires their societal rules are different. Vampire women are allowed to express their sexualities and not be sexually repressed. When a character named Lucy, whos a nineteen year old girl whos described as beautiful and angelic. When Lucy is turned into a vampire, this following quote describes the sexual desire that Lucy is creating. her breast heaved softlyand then insensibly there came the strange change which I had noticed in the night the mouth opened, and the pale gums, drawn back, made the teeth look longer and sharper than ever,,, and said in a soft voluptuous voice, such as I had never heard from her lips; Arthur! Oh, my love, I am so glad you have come! Kiss me! (Stoker, Chap 18,4). This can be seen as a symbolic breaking out of Victorian-era sexuality, because when it comes to the gothic sexuality female vampires are allowed sexual freedom. Whenever women get a chance to express their freedom, men will most of the time challenge or take it. When Lucy turns into a vampire and gets her sexual liberation, Arthur (her fiance) drives a wooden stake through her heart and kills her. In Angel in the House, Devil in the City: Explorations of Gender in Dracula and Penny Dreadful, Lauren Rocha writes, The transformation of Lucy from a creature of purity and sweetness into an inhuman, unholy one exemplifies the threat of the vampire in the novel: that is, the corruption of women into sexual, uncontrollable beings (2). Since this novel takes place during the Victorian-era , Arthur was strongly against the new sexually liberated vampire that Lucy has become. The following quote describes how even in gothic sexuality, the male will always have power over a women. In order to restore Lucy as a holy, and not an unholy, memory,Arthur drives a stake through her heart. Arthur, Lucys fianc, whom she has tried to seduce with her vampiric way s, is the proper character to kill her; in doing so, he restores the gender balance in which men dominate and control the desires of women (Rocha, 2). As a final point on sexuality in Dracula, Count Dracula is also allowed to have sexual liberation (of course). Since Dracula has three brides, its in no question that Dracula does have power over the females in this novel. Which is the same as current and Victorian-era societies. When Draculas sexual orientation comes into question, theres no correct answer for it. It was never stated in Brams novel. A quote from Productive Fear: Labor, Sexuality, and Mimicry in Bram Stokers Dracula by Eric Kwan-Wai Yu, brings a scene between Dracula and Jonathan into the question about Draculas sexual orientation. That ambiguous scene, juxtaposing Draculas claim that Harker belongs to him with his alleged capacity for love, hints that Dracula, like his brides, is a pervert hungry not only for blood but for sexual gratification (Kwan-Wai Yu, 18). This is confirmation that Dracula breaks the sexuality normalities of the Victorian-era society. Any man during this period would never put a spell on another man to make him lustful towards himself. The Count is a monster driven by his bloodlust and hunger, and he does not discriminate the gender of his prey. Which could possibly mean that Dracula can be asexual. Asexual is a sexuality that makes an individual attracted to someone without sexual feeling; meaning Draculas bloodlust makes him attracted to anyone. ALthough, Dracula does indicate to his three brides that he has had a past love, Bram Stoker leaves no details about his past love and theres no future reference made to Draculas past love made again. Not only does Dracula break the roles of sexuality, he also breaks Victorian-era gender roles. Along with Dracula, the novel itself and its characters really challenged Victorian-era gender roles and was a bold statement during the time. Traditional gender roles are exemplified in the novel, Dracula. Men are seen as brave and heroic, whereas women are described as motherly and emotional. However, theres also different gender roles when it comes to the vampires. For example, Van Helsing says that, A brave mans blood is the best thing on this earth when a woman is in trouble when asking Quincy Morris to give blood to Lucy after she has been turned into a vampire. Helsing is expecting Quincy to be strong and protect Lucy during her time of need. Bram Stoker is highlighting Quincy as a strong hero, while labeling Lucy as a maiden in need. To add on too the traditional gender roles in the novel, Van Helsing compliments Mina by saying, Ah, that wonderful Madam Mina! She has mans brain a brain that a man should have were he much gifted and womans heart (Stoker Chap 18, 22). Helsings statement confirms that men are viewed as the intellectuals, while women are emotional and nurturing to men. Mina possesses both of the qualities of the genders, but these stereotypes are withholding a society of men and women that are unable to express themselves freely. For an example on Victorian-era women, Mina is seen as pure and an ideal women during this time period. Mina is the embodiment of what a women was expected to be during the Victorian-era. She is prudent, intelligent, caring, beautiful, and knows her place in society. Van Helsing says, She is one of Gods women, fashioned by His own hand to show us men and other women that there is a heavenso true, so sweet, so noble, so little an egoist and that, let me tell you, is much in this age, so skeptical and selfish, (Stoker, Chapter 14, Page 1). Bram Stoker writes Mina as an ideal Victorian woman, so he can present the unacceptable behavior of Draculas daughters. The three women serve as the complete opposite of the gender roles that were present during the Victorian-era. Theyre impure, radical, and evil. Everything that Mina, the perfect Victorian woman, is not. In contrast from Mina, the weird sisters are the women that disrupt the gender roles of the Victorian-era. The woman often participate in the act of seducing men, which the novel is clearly arguing against. During this time, women were expected to be the ones pursued by men and shouldnt seek a relationship independently. Men were the ones with all the power. They had the freedom to do what they wanted, when they wanted to do it. Men had sexual freedom, and were allowed to have multiple partners if they wished. The sisters are referred to as monsters by Jonathan, and commit despicable evil acts throughout the novel. On the scale of what defines appropriate female behavior, Lucy falls in the middle. Lucy behaves as a proper Victorian woman should and shows signs of purity, but at the same time, Lucys statements hint that she may be more progressive than other women in society. For example, Lucy says, Men like women, certainly their wives, to be quite as fair as they are; and women, I a m afraid are not always quite as fair as they should be (Stoker, Chapter 5, Page 1). She is aware that women do not fit the expectations of society and may be more aggressive than their male counterparts. This maybe Lucys way of showing her desire to break free from the patriarchal society of the Victorian-era. Later, Lucy transforms into a vampire, which allows her to experience the sexuality that has been so heavily repressed by the Victorian-era society. In contrast from the female gender roles in Bram Stokers Dracula, theres the Victorian-era male role. In the novel, theres a group of men called The Crew of Light. This group consists of five men; Jonathan, Dr. Seward, Dr. Van Helsing, Arthur, and Quincey. These are the five men that are set out to fight against Dracula. During the second half of the book, Jonathan joins the men to fight against Dracula; In doing so, Jonathan seems to gain a lot of the traditional traits of masculinity. Men during the Victorian-era are known for their bravery, intelligence, honesty, activity, and repression of emotion. All of the men are financially stable enough to have their lives surround around the hunt for Dracula. When it comes to whos the leader of the group, Quincey is a notable contender. Quincey is described by Stoker as a moral Viking, and is depicted as the most masculine of all. Despite the importance of masculinity that falls into the gender role of males in the VIctorian-era society, there are contradictions. In the novel, it seems that the Crew of Light must always aim for the moral high ground when they do unlawful activities. These unlawful activities include breaking into houses, breaking into crypts, and desecrating bodies. The men in the Crew of Light also have many emotional fits and can behave hysterically at times. Quincey is the only member from the crew to die. This suggests that an excess of masculinity may be less desirable in the long run compared to Jonathans more obvious blends of both masculinity and femininity. To add onto the male gender role, Dracula takes on the role of the nurturing mother in With his left hand he held both Mrs Harkers hands, keeping them away with her arms at full tension; his right hand gripped her by the back of the neck, forcing her face down on his bosom. Her white nightdress was smeared with blood, and a thin stream trickled down the mans bare breastthe vampiric society. When Dracula interacts with Mina, Dracula takes on the role of the mother. In the following quote, Dracula forces Mina to drink blood from his chest, (Stoker, Chapter 21, Page 1). Throughout the novel, Dracula has showed many signs of breaking the male gender role by showing femininity. Such as, Draculas fascination with Jonathan and he expresses that hes capable of giving love. Which, further connects him to the traits f the female gender role. When Dracula is placed into the motherhood role, Dracula is breaking the role of a traditional male during the Victorian-era. In Bram Stokers Dracula, theres many gender and sexuality breaking characters and incidents. During the Victorian-era women were very repressed, while the men always had the power. In the vampire society, women had the chance to have sexual liberation, as well as a little more freedom than the normal Victorian women. Males had to deal with toxic masculinity and always having to fit into the masculine role. No emotions were allowed from men, and they werent allowed to experience love, since they were seen as only something a woman was capable of. Stokers novel has a lot of relevance to todays society, as we still have many gender roles in our society. Sexuality is still a big discussion and a lot of these Victorian-era traditions and qualities are still held to our society till this day.

Essay about The Cynical Humor of Hamlet - 715 Words

The Cynical Humor of Hamlet A horrible event, such as a death in the family, can cause a cynical outlook on life. â€Å"Hamlets hubris is shown through his cynical humor towards others† (Adelman 164). Hamlet uses humor to escape his cynical reality in regards to Polonius, Ophelias father, Ophelia his true love, and Gertrude, his mother the queen. These three people help lead Hamlet to his eventual downfall. Hamlets conversation with Polonius is a good example of the Princes cynical humor. For example, Hamlet asks Polonius if he is an honest man. Polonius is taken off guard: Honest my lord? Ay sir. To be honest, as this world, is to be one man picked out of ten thousand. (II; ii; 177-178) Hamlets humor†¦show more content†¦The word sun has two meanings. It can be used as the sun, referring to his cynicism towards Claudius. Ophelia is like the sun and if she falls near the King, he will be a bad influence on her. It can also be looked as the son. The son of Ophelia will be crazy because its father, Hamlet is crazy. He is beginning to show the antic deposition act. Both conversations with Polonius show that Hamlets humor brings out the truth in the people around him. Ophelia, Hamlets true love starts to see the new Hamlet, the crazy Hamlet. He plays with her mind, by throwing out double meanings that are confusing, yet they have meaning to it. Ha ha! Are you honest? Are you fair? (III, i, 103-105) Hamlet could mean honesty in the meaning of being truthful and faithful in love, or virginal. He then asks if she is fair. Fair in beauty, or fair in his love. Both these questions arise confusion with Ophelia. Hamlet also shows his cruelty towards Ophelia. Get thee to a nunnery. Why wouldst thou be a breeder of sinners?...Go thy ways to a nunnery. Wheres your father? (III, i, 120-128) He tells her to go purify herself and become a nun to purify the bawd that she carries with her. He explains to Ophelia that he deceived her into thinking he loved her. Ophelia reacts to Hamlets psychotic rants O, what a noble mind is here othrown (III, I, 147) Ophelia realizes that Hamlet, the man she once knew and loved has now gone mad. Hamlet has an encounter with his mother,Show MoreRelated Hamlets Destructive Humor Essay802 Words   |  4 PagesHamlets Destructive Humor      Ã‚   Humor can be funny and uplifting or cynical and destructive. Hamlets humor insults every one around him and its very cynical and leads to his downfall. When Hamlet insults people around him, his remarks are not clearly understood by the people who he is insulting. Hamlet makes Polonius look like a fool when he criticizes him with his words, and Polonius doesnt know that he is being fooled. Hamlet even makes fun of the courtiers particularly Rosencrantz andRead More Comic Relief Of Hamlet Essay examples1404 Words   |  6 Pages A Portrayal of Humor Within the Tragedy of Hamlet How does humor factor into a tragedy? Shakespeare knew the answer to this question and acted upon it quite frequently. Shakespeare has been known to write comedies and tragedies both but this does not qualify him at to not incorporate a little of each into each other. In the work of Hamlet there are many occasions where Shakespeare uses it for different effects. The main reason for the presence of humor within a tragedy is to keep the reader interestedRead MoreHamlet, By William Shakespeare Essay1636 Words   |  7 PagesPeriod 3 Mr. Levine English 101 Research Paper Hamlet Hamlet is categorized as one of the greatest plays ever written. In the play the main character Prince Hamlet has a very complicated character. As the play goes along Hamlet displays a wide range of emotions through his actions and his words. With doing this, it creates controversy amongst the critics and readers of the play. They find it difficult to come to a conclusion of whether Hamlet s â€Å"madness† is sincere or if he is simply aRead MoreHamlet Goes Business - A Different Aproach to Hamlet1753 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Hamlet, one of world’s most famous plays has been performed countless times all over the world during the 400 years, since it was written. It is clearly among Shakespeare’s most iconic plays and due to its popularity it is no wonder that it has been adapted to the big screen over sixty times already (www.absoluteshakespeare.com, accessed 2014). Taking a look at the original script, it is easy to see what keeps drawing filmmakers into the same text over and over again. The play followsRead MoreCriticism Of Salinger s The Rye1382 Words   |  6 Pagesnovel to address other characters with as much detail as Holden. Some critics argue that Holden s character is erratic and unreliable, as he possesses many of the middle-class values that he claims to reject. Others, however, have praised the wry humor of the main character, his technical virtuosity, and the skilled mockery of verbal speech by Salinger. These critics have commented that the structure of the novel personifies Holden s unstable state of mind. A larger field of critics at the timeRead MoreComedy and Tragedy According to Aristotle1912 Words   |  8 Pagesthe triumph of eros. As a rule, tragedies occur on the battlefield or in a palace s great hall; a more likely setting for comedy is the bedroom or bathroom.   Ã‚  Ã‚   On the other hand, it s not true that a film or literary work must involve sexual humor or even be funny in order to qualify as a comedy. A happy ending is all that s required. In fact, since at least as far back as Aristotle, the basic formula for comedy has had more to do with conventions and expectations of plot and character thanRead MoreEssay on The Character of Iago from Othello4183 Words   |  17 Pagesweaknesses. This is one of Iago’s admirable qualities- his power of perception and tactical skills. Iago has studied Othello’s nature, and he gives him one blow after another, expecting him to react at once, as he indeed does. Compared to the character of Hamlet, who behaves in the exactly opposite way, Othello is a man of action – he does not contemplates over the situation, his passions, once awaken, are intense and uncontrollable.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The character of Iago himself was interpreted in many ways, manyRead MoreThe Sonnet Form: William Shakespeare6305 Words   |  26 Pagesrhyme schemes. Couplet: Two successive rhymed lines that are equal in length. A heroic couplet is a pair of rhyming lines in iambic pentameter. In Shakespeare’s plays, characters often speak a heroic couplet before exiting, as in these lines from Hamlet: â€Å"The time is out of joint: O cursed spite, / That ever I was born to set it right!† Quatrain: A four-line stanza. The most common form of English verse, the quatrain has many variants. One of the most important is the heroic quatrain, written inRead MoreAN ANALYSIS PAPER ON ANTON CHEKHOV’S THE SEAGULL AND THE CHERRY ORCHARD12092 Words   |  49 PagesChekhov’s writing style that must also be noticed is his use of humor and comedy. Fayin (1921) stated that â€Å"Chekhov is essentially a humorist. His is not the quiet, genial humor of an Addison or a Washington Irving, not the more subtle, often boisterous humor of a Mark Twain. His is rather the cynical chuckle of a grown-up watching a child assume grimaces of deep earnestness and self-importance.† Fayin further elaborated Chekhov’s humor by describing its steady transition: â€Å"In his earlier stories theRead MoreANALIZ TEXT INTERPRETATION AND ANALYSIS28843 Words   |  116 Pagesthose who embody or represent a single characteristic, trait, or idea, or at most a very limited number o f such qualities. Flat characters are also referred to as type characters, as one-dimensional characters, or when they are distorted to create humor, as caricatures. As in the case in many of Dickens’ novels, they often serve as convenient vehicles for humour and satire. These characters and their deeds are always predictable and never vary. Flat characters are usually minor actors in the novels

Psychology Counseling And Therapy Professions Essay

Immediately after the encounter with the man at the hospital, I started researching counseling and therapy professions. I had most of the prerequisites to apply to the programs, minus an abnormal psychology class. The following semester, I enrolled in Abnormal Psychology and found it to be one of the most interesting classes I had ever taken. One day I was walking on campus and ran into a past classmate from high school. As we exchanged conversation and talked about our future plans, she informed me that her older brother was soon quitting his job at a private mental health practice. Not long after that interaction, I was hired as the Psychologist Assistant at the mental health office. During my time there, I became certified in biofeedback therapy, which was a great way to combine my medical background with mental healthcare. At that same time in my life, a close friend worked for a non-profit foster care agency. She told me they were hiring for a position mentoring foster children. I ended up getting hired and served as a behavior skills coach for children ranging from ages five to fourteen. While working at the mental health private practice and the non-profit foster care agency, I was able to gain an extensive amount of experience. I worked directly with case managers, psychologists, counselors, and others who allowed me to observe each of their jobs. After more than two years of working in the human services field, I knew I wanted to work with people and to help themShow MoreRelatedCareer Of Marriage And Family Therapy1553 Words   |  7 PagesCareer in Marriage and Family Therapy Marriage and Family Therapy is a particularly interesting area of Psychological study. This field offers adults and children resources to help cope with potentially damaging psychological issues within the family unit. Marriage and Family therapist offer an opportunity for spouse to reconcile their differences, while helping children understand the family hardships and issues. Marriage and Family therapist help couples, families and groups that deal with issuesRead MorePsychoanalytic, Jungian, and Individual Psychology Theories Essay988 Words   |  4 PagesPsychoanalytic, Jungian, and Individual Psychology Theories When the word classical is used, images of things developed long ago with their traditional styles and ideas come to mind. They are perceived today as outdated and not as effective. Classical models of psychotherapy although deemed outdated, still have relevance in today’s practice of understanding human behavior. Psychotherapy is a science and art that was established back in the 1800’s with its own style and ideas. Classical modelsRead MoreThe Development of Counseling and Psychotherapy1862 Words   |  7 Pagesonset that though the development of theories relating to counseling and psychotherapy was still taking place at the beginning of the 20th century, it is believed that the foundation for the same was laid long before this period. In that regard, Sigmund Freuds contribution to the counseling and psychotherapy field cannot be overstated especially when it comes to the study of the human mind. In this text, I concern myself with counseling and psychotherapy an d its development over time from a socialRead MoreThe School Of Thought And The Field Of Psychology1555 Words   |  7 PagesThe school of thought and its central contribution to the field of psychology Carl Roger’s central contribution to the field of psychology involved his theory of personality. This theory was unique with the capability to be applied in various domains of helping professions including psychotherapy and counseling, education, organizations, cross-cultural relations, and other group settings (n/a, 2015). In the evolving stage of this theory, Roger’s had been frustrated with the authoritative analysisRead MoreThe Origins Of Clinical Mental Health Counseling1458 Words   |  6 PagesThe profession of counseling has a rich and bold history, evolving through the years from varied disciplines and birthing diverse specialties and branches along the way. Often referred to as the youngest of the counseling specialties is clinical mental health counseling. Despite physical health’s grasp on the nation, mental health has been a major focus at various times throughout history and continues to become an ever growing concern for people in general. As peo ple come to better understand mentalRead MoreProfessiona Idenity Paper1479 Words   |  6 Pagesto instruct, to counsel? My reaction to counseling in my early days in the profession was to receive guidance from a professional when I did not have the answers myself or when I felt â€Å"stuck† with a problem in my personal life that I felt I could not solve. What did I wish to get from seeing a counselor? The question depends on what aspect you are seeking guidance or counsel in your life. The question changed when I began to pursue a career in counseling. The question became â€Å"Why do I want to beRead MoreFamily Psychology ( Therapy ) Essay1016 Words   |  5 PagesFamily Psychology (Therapy) Michael Daniel Weigant School of Professional Counseling Lindsey Wilson College Author Note 716 Kingdom Come Drive. Cumberland Ky. 40823 Mikeweigant@yahoo.com Abstract This research paper is going to look at a career in family therapy. It is going to discuss some of the things a psychologist does with their patients. The type of pay they receive. The paper is also going to discuss a few different options people have with education. FinallyRead MoreComparing Psychodynamic Psychotherapy and Person-Centered Psychology1735 Words   |  7 PagesPerson-Centered Psychology The counseling profession has a broad spectrum of possibilities when it comes to choosing which psychological approach to take. The field of counseling takes many forms and offers many career options, from school counseling to marriage and family therapy. As there are numerous styles in existence, it is important to be aware of the many approaches available to take. For my research two psychological approaches, Psychodynamic Psychotherapy and Person-Centered Psychology, will beRead MoreThe Clinical And Medical Research1143 Words   |  5 Pagesover. PhDs in Psychology are offered in a variety of specialized fields of study with wide ranges in their area of focus and career intents. Mental health fields include PhD s in clinical or counseling psychology. Applied PhD s include Industrial/Organizational, Human Factors Engineering, Sports Performance and Forensic among others. Research Psychology PhD s are offered in almost every subfield such as social psychology, developmental psychology, cognitive psychology and experimentalRead MoreMy Educational Experience With Therapy / Psychology1541 Words   |  7 Pagesconcept of the counseling profession. Additional facets to learn is how to create a therapeutic environment for the client. Furthering on these aspects, we have to learn to interact with clients to be better able to help them in different areas of their life including social and professional. Final features to learn about counseling is how clients view their own life to produce more therapeutic opportunities. Throughout this paper I will discuss these various features of counseling. While we go through

The End to Slavery in the Caribbean Essay examples

The End to Slavery in the Caribbean The Haitian Revolution (1791-1804) was the first successful slave revolt in the Caribbean, and it was one of the most important events in the history of the Americas. Along with the obvious human rights benefits that the Haitian Revolution achieved, there were some serious setbacks for the nation as well. Between 1783 and 1789, Saint Domingue was the foremost sugar producer in the region, but by the end of the war the economy was completely destroyed, and to this day Haiti has not come anywhere close to reattaining its once prominent economic status in the Caribbean. The results of the revolution sent fear through the European consciousness as well as strengthened the growing idea†¦show more content†¦India and China became major players in this solution due to their size, populations, and lack of democracy. The British acquired Trinidad and Guiana in the 1790s, and then flooded them with east Asians when slavery ended. Some 150,000 east Asians traveled to Trinidad to in the nineteenth century, and 250,000 went to work in the cane fields of Guiana. The Two Migrations of the 19th Century In the nineteenth century, a hundred million people crossed the oceans seeking employment. Of these hundred million, around half were Europeans (especially Italians and Irish) heading to European settlements like Argentina, Chile, US, and Canada. The other fifty million were neither coming from nor going to European settlements (this half was mainly composed of Indians and Chinese heading to Trinidad or Guiana). In essence, there were two migrations going on during the nineteenth century. The Africans and Asians who left their continents in search of labor mostly engaged in wage labor at rates that the Europeans would not accept. The Europeans, for the most part, were coming from countries with more efficient agriculture which yielded higher returns and wages. Another factor which divided the migration in two was racism. The Asians who ended up in British Guiana, Trinidad, Dutch Guiana, or Jamaica did not head to these places due to preference.Show MoreRelatedBook Report: Capitalism Slavery, Eric Williams1513 Words   |  7 PagesHIS294Y Thursday February 7th 2006 Book Report: Capitalism Slavery, Eric Williams Capitalism Slavery, (published by The University of North Carolina Press, 1994) was written by Eric Eustace Williams and first published in 1944. Eric Williams book, was at the time of its publication, considered years ahead of its time. It should be noted, early on within this report that, literary works on the history of the Caribbean or slavery for a matter of fact, was done by Europeans. In the prefaceRead MoreCapitalism And Slavery By Eric Eustace Williams Essay1232 Words   |  5 PagesCapitalism Slavery, (published by The University of North Carolina Press, 1994) was written by Eric Eustace Williams and first published in 1944. Eric Williams book, was at the time of its publication, considered years ahead of its time. It should be noted, early on within this report that, literary works on the history of the Caribbean or slavery for a matter of fact, was done by Europeans. In the preface of his book, Williams clearly asserts that his work, is not a study of the institu tionRead MoreMulti Cultural And Multi Racial1476 Words   |  6 Pages Running Head – Caribbean Multi-cultural and Racial The Multi-Cultural and Multi-Racial Caribbean Michelle Knight Essay Submitted for Caribbean History 27100 Professor Audra Diptee Carleton University June 14, 2016 The Multi-cultural and Multi-racial Caribbean The Caribbean islands are a group of diverse islands throughout the Caribbean Sea. These islands can be as far south as the northern South America and as far north as southern North America. These islandsRead MoreChattel Slavery1359 Words   |  6 PagesChattel slavery, so named because people are treated as the personal property, chattels, of an owner and are bought and sold as commodities, is the original form of slavery. When taking these chattels across national borders it is referred to as Human Trafficking especially when these slaves provide sexual services. Indentureship Indentured laborers were assigned contracts in which they were paid wages to work for a specified period of time. After the contracts expired they were given the optionRead MoreEssay on History of Slavery in the Caribbean720 Words   |  3 PagesHistory of Slavery in the Caribbean The institution of slavery has played a major role in the history, and the shaping of the Caribbean. Therefore, in order to truly understand the Caribbean one must completely understand slavery itself. 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According to the Oxford English Dictionary, oppression can be defined as â€Å"Prolonged cruel or unjust treatment or control; or the state of beingRead More The Institution of Slave Trade Essay1533 Words   |  7 PagesThe Institution of Slave Trade The institution of slave trade and the actual experiences of slavery that occurred in the Caribbean were to form a monumental part of that regions culture, society, and everyday interactions, both in the past and in the present. The culture that is present today in the Caribbean is the result of many different influences varying from those introduced by ruling colonial countries, to influences that the slaves stressed, and even from brand new colonies being developedRead MoreA Woman s Experience Of Slavery Essay1377 Words   |  6 PagesIn history, a woman s experience of slavery is presumed inadequate and useless. Unfortunately, there are many experiences of women during slavery that is untouched and needs some highlight. 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Virginia tobacco was cheaper andRead MoreArguments Against Slavery in the British Caribbean Under the Following Headings: I) Economic Ii) Religious Iii) Humanitarian775 Words   |  4 Pagespresenting arguments AGAINST slavery in the British Caribbean under the following headings: i) Economic ii) Religious iii) Humanitarian On every street corner, in every household, on every tongue and on every wall, contradictory views on the system of slavery are being disputed. The public is being bombarded by the economic, religious and humanitarian views of slavery. The pressing issue that will be highlighted in today’s article is the arguments against slavery. The economic arguments

Essay about Light and Dark in Heart of Darkness by Joseph...

In the book, Heart of Darkness by Joseph Conrad, all the characters are pulled into a well of black despair. Conrad uses the darkness of the situation contrasted to the light of society to show man’s dependence on western morals, and how when these morals are challenged by the darkness, the light crumbles under its newly weakened foundation. The contrast between light and dark is most stark in the themes of setting, the changes in Europeans as they drive farther into the Congo, and the white man’s collapse under the ultimate darkness of the Innermost Congo. The setting of Heart of Darkness is a very critical part of the book, and Conrad goes to extreme lengths to highlight the evil radiating from the region in which he sets his†¦show more content†¦However I wasn’t going into any of these. I was going into the yellow. Dead in the centre. And the river was there-fascinating-deadly-like a snake. The description shows the bleakness of the Congo compared to the outside world, is one of the first representations of the civilized (or outside) world contrasted to the Congo. The uncivilized/civilized comparison and the descriptions of darkness heighten when Conrad increases the contrast by moving Marlow into an oasis of civilization, the Main Station, a port outpost on the coast of Africa, owned and commanded by white Europeans, but kept alive by the slave work of black natives. Upon setting foot on shore, Marlow begins to see glimpses of the darkness that awaits him, the natives along the path are described, in a manner closer to animal than human: Near the same tree two more bundles of acute angles sat with their legs drawn up. One, with his chin propped on his knees stared at nothing, in an intolerable and appalling manner... others were scattered about in every pose of contorted collapse, as in some picture of massacre or pestilence. The scene disturbs Marlow a great deal and he hastens to reach the camp, where he is removed from this reality he finds unpleasant when he comes upon another man like himself, dressed in pure white, such that Marlow took him for a sort of vision, and is temporarily rescued from the setting Conrad has created. Conrad continues to create a setting that is described asShow MoreRelated The Light-dark Metaphor in Heart of Darkness, by Joseph Conrad1960 Words   |  8 Pageshis narrative in Joseph Conrads Heart of Darkness, Charlie Marlow characterizes events, ideas, and locations that he encounters in terms of light or darkness. Embedded in Marlows parlance is an ongoing metaphor equating light with knowledge and civility and darkness with mystery and savagery. When he begins his narrative, Marlow equates light and, therefore, civility, with reality, believing it to be a tangible expression of mans natural state. Similarly, Marlow uses darkness to depict savageryRead More Light and Dark in Joseph Conrads Heart of Darkness Essay example844 Words   |  4 PagesLight and Dark in Heart of Darkness  Ã‚      Joseph Conrads Heart of Darkness is a tragic tale of the white mans journey into the African jungle. When we peel away the layers, however, a different journey is revealed - we venture into the soul of man, complete with the darkness of depravity as well as the wonderful. In this essence Conrad uses this theme of light and darkness to contrast the civilized European world with the savage African world in Heart of Darkness. As aforementioned,Read More Use of Light and Darkness in Joseph Conrads Heart of Darkness 1504 Words   |  7 PagesUse of Light and Darkness in Joseph Conrads Heart of Darkness  Ã‚      Joseph Conrads Heart of Darkness contrasts light and darkness, to represent the civilized and uncivilized sides of the world. Conrad uses light to represent the civilized side of humanity while contrasting the dark with the uncivilized and savage. Throughout the thematic stages of the novel, that is the Thames river London, the companys office in Belgium, the journey to the heart of darkness and the conclusion, light and darkRead More Light and Dark Imagery in Joseph Conrads Heart of Darkness Essay594 Words   |  3 PagesLight and Dark Imagery in Joseph Conrads Heart of Darkness   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Heart of Darkness by Joseph Conrad is a novel about a man named Marlow and his journey into the depths of the African Congo. Marlow is in search of a man named Kurtz, an ivory trader. Though Marlow?s physical journey seems rather simple, it takes him further into his own heart and soul than into the Congo. The setting, symbols and characters each contain light and dark images, these images shape the central theme of the novelRead More The Role of Kurtz’s Intended in Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness1580 Words   |  7 PagesThe Role of Kurtz’s Intended in Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness Very often in literature minor characters appear for only a short time in the story but carry a very heavy significance in the overall meaning of the book. Kurtz’s Intended, in Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness, is this kind of character. The unnamed woman only appears for a brief period at the end of the novel, but Conrad includes her for three very crucial reasons. He has Kurtz’s fiancà ©e appear to provide a justification forRead More Light and Dark in Heart of Darkness Essay1180 Words   |  5 PagesLight and Dark in Heart of Darkness       The brightest of lights can obscure vision while darkness can contain truths: one must not be distracted by the sheen of light, which conceals the deeper reality present in darkness. Joseph Conrads novel Heart of Darkness illustrates this idea with the use of several symbols. White Europeans are used as symbols of self-deception, and objects with an alabaster quality are symbols of barriers to inner truth. Black is the foil of white; it representsRead MoreStevenson and Conrad: The Duality of Human Nature 949 Words   |  4 PagesConrad also employs the literary device of symbolism to further display the theme, the duality of human nature in his novella Heart of Darkness. Three major examples of symbolism are evident in this novella. These examples include, light and dark, the Congo River, and ivory. Similar to Stevenson, Conrad uses light and dark symbolism throughout his novella. Yet curiously in Heart of Darkness, light does not symbolize genuine goodness nor does dark symbolize pure calamity. Marlow proves this when heRead More Realization of Inner Evil in Joseph Conrads Heart of Darkness1562 Words   |  7 PagesRealization of Inner Evil in Heart of Darkness    It was said by Thomas Moser that in order to truly be alive one must recognize the truth, the darkness, the evil and the death within (Moser, 156). Joseph Conrads novel, Heart of Darkness, goes very far to explain and prove this statement. During the novel the reader takes part in a spiritual and inner journey through Africa and the mind of the protagonist, Marlow. As a consequence of his newly gained knowledge and experience he is able toRead More The Metaphors of Conrads Heart of Darkness Essay1417 Words   |  6 PagesThe Metaphors of Heart of Darkness      Ã‚  Ã‚   Within the text of Heart of Darkness, the reader is presented with many metaphors. Those that recur, and are most arresting and notable, are light and dark, nature and Kurtz and Marlow. The repeated use of light and dark imagery represents civilization and primitiveness, and of course the eternal meaning of good and evil. However, the more in depth the reader goes the more complex it becomes. Complex also are the meanings behind the metaphors of natureRead More Psychological, Philosophical and Religious Elements of Heart of Darkness901 Words   |  4 PagesPhilosophical and Religious Elements of Heart of Darkness      Ã‚   Heart of Darkness is a kind of little world unto itself.   The reader of Conrad’s Heart of Darkness should take the time to consider this work from a psychological point of view. There are, after all, an awful lot of heads and skulls in the book, and Conrad goes out of his way to suggest that in some sense Marlows journey is like a dream or a return to our primitive past--an exploration of the dark recesses of the human mind. Looking

Hypothesis Testing Is Undertaken Health And Social Care Essay Free Essays

This chapter describes the methodological analysis used in the current survey that examines the relationship between emotional intelligence ( EI ) and burnout among nurses working in private infirmaries in Malaysia. Specifically, this chapter inside informations the research design selected by the research worker, population and sampling, trying processs, and informations aggregation method. 3. We will write a custom essay sample on Hypothesis Testing Is Undertaken Health And Social Care Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now 2 Research Design Research design is a maestro program that specifies the methods and processs for roll uping and analysing informations needed for work outing a job ( Zikmund, 2003 ) . Harmonizing to Cooper and Schindler ( 2008 ) , research design is the design for aggregation, measuring, and analysis of informations. Sekaran and Bougie ( 2011 ) stated, â€Å" the research design involves a series of rational decision-making picks associating to the intent of the survey, the type of probe, the extent of research worker intervention, the survey scene, the unit of analysis, the clip skyline, the type of sample to be used every bit good as the measuring, informations aggregation methods, trying design, and informations analysis † . This survey used hypothetico-deductive method or a quantitative attack, whereby harmonizing to Creswell ( 2005 ) , a hypothetico-deductive method is â€Å" a type of educational research in which the research decides what to analyze, asks specific, narrows inquiries, collects numeral ( numbered ) informations from participants, analyzes these Numberss utilizing statistics, and conducts the enquiry in an indifferent and nonsubjective mode † . In short, hypothetico-deductive method is an enquiry into an identified job, based on proving a theory, measured with Numberss and analyzed utilizing statistical techniques. Therefore, the end of hypothetico-deductive method is to find whether the prognostic generalisations of a theory clasp true. This method besides provides a quick, cheap, efficient, and accurate agencies of measuring information about those who are involved in the survey ( Zikmund, 2003 ) . The intent of this survey was hypothesis testing. Based on the account given by Sekaran and Bougie ( 2011 ) , a hypothesis testing is undertaken to explicate the discrepancy in the dependant variable or to foretell organisational results. In this sense, the research worker wanted to cognize the nature of the relationship that may be established between EI and burnout by proving the hypothesis developed. Since the purpose of this survey is to set up a mensurable relationship between EI and burnout, thereby hypothetico-deductive attack is said to be more suited. This method is appropriate to analyze the relationship between variables and to find how much one variable contributes to the anticipation of another ( Creswell, 2005 ; Leedy A ; Omrod, 2005 ) . Specifically, a hypothetico-deductive study method utilizing a descriptive correlativity design is used to prove the dealingss between all the variables of the survey. The correlativity research design is used when the relationships be tween variables are non considered causal, and where the relationship between two or more variables is determined ( Salkind, 2003 ) . In add-on, hypotheses are developed and tested to depict and explicate the nature of relationship between EI and burnout among the nurses working in private infirmaries. Sekaran and Bougie ( 2011 ) pointed out that the extent of intervention by the research worker with the normal of work in the workplace has a direct bearing on whether the survey undertaken is causal or correlativity. Since the correlational research was used, the survey was conducted in the natural environment of the organisation with minimum intervention by the research worker with the normal flow or work in noncontrieved scenes. In other words, informations were collected from the nurses involved in their workplace. Researcher did non alter any of the scene of their workplace whereby their day-to-day modus operandi occupations were minimally interfered when research was done. Apart from that, the informations were gathered merely one time. Hence, it was a cross-sectional survey. Figure 3.1 below shows the research design for the relevant survey. *diagram 3.3 Population and Sampling The population of research is â€Å" a group of possible participants to whom you want to generalise the consequences of the survey † ( Salkind, 2003 ) . Since there are no limited resources such as clip, cost, and human resources, it is non practical and about impossible to study the whole population. On the other manus, trying enables a research worker to garner information rapidly and besides reduces the cost and work force demands for informations aggregation. Sampling besides enables the research worker to do generalisation sing the whole population or parts of the whole population based on a little figure of elements ( Zikmund, 2003 ) . This subdivision discusses the sampling process, including population, unit of analysis, trying frame, trying design, and sample size. 3.3.1 Population, Sampling Frame and Unit of Analysis The population for the survey consists of the staff nurses employed at three private infirmaries in Klang Valley, Malaysia. *** 3.3.2 Sampling Design This research focused on the private infirmaries in Klang Valley. The logic behind choosing the private infirmaries in Klang Valley is that the big and good equipment infirmaries are located in this country and they serve a higher denseness of population. The highest population densenesss are found in Kuala Lumpur, followed by Penang and Putrajaya ( 6,891, 1,490, and 1,478 individuals per square kilometer severally ) for the twelvemonth of 2010 ( Department of Statistics, Malaysia, 2012 ) . **Since the larger private infirmaries are focused in Klang Valley, they have besides higher bed capacity which is assumed to straight interpret to the figure of nurses being hired by these infirmaries. A sum of three private infirmaries in Klang Valley were selected with most of them holding a bed capacity of more than **200. Therefore, it can be assumed that rather a bulk of private infirmary nurses are located in the infirmaries in Klang Valley. Additionally, the elements that constituted as the sample of the research needed to be selected from the population. The procedure of choosing equal figure of elements from a population is called the sampling design. The major types of trying design include chance and non-probability sampling. In chance sampling, every component in the population has some known opportunities of choice whereas in non-probability sampling, the elements ‘ opportunity of being selected as sample topics is unknown ( Zikmund, 2003 ) . High generalizability of the findings and non being confidently generalizable are two specific features of chance and non-probability sampling severally ( Sekaran A ; Bougie, 2011 ) . This survey utilised chance trying design to choose the single private infirmary staff nurses. The nurses were selected utilizing simple random trying to enable wider generalizability of the findings. 3.3.3 Sample Size The determination about sample size is non based on a definite reply but depends on a figure of considerations ( Bryman A ; Bell, 2007 ) . The sample size depends on three factors: ( 1 ) the type of informations analysis ; ( 2 ) the coveted truth of the consequences ; and ( 3 ) the population features ( Neuman, 2003 ) . Harmonizing to Sekaran and Bougie ( 2011 ) , the sample size is governed by the extent of preciseness, assurance desired, variableness in population, cost and clip restraint, and the size of population. The sample size should be big plenty to enable research workers to foretell the population parametric quantities within acceptable bounds. In general, two constituents of a good sample are its adequateness and representativeness. Since an optimum sample size besides helps in minimising the entire cost of trying mistake, hence an appropriate sample size must be chosen. Sekaran and Bougie ( 2011 ) stated a tabular array suggested by Krejcie and Morgan ( 1970 ) has greatly simplified the sample size determination to guarantee a good determination theoretical account. Since the population of this survey consist of ****xxx**** private infirmary staff nurses as identified earlier, hence based on the tabular array provided by Krejcie and Morgan, the sample size needed was at least, n=xxxx staff nurses. 3.4 Data Collection Method This subdivision explains the method used for garnering informations. In this survey, secondary information every bit good as primary informations were involved. Secondary informations referred to the diary articles, public records, text editions, or any other information that were available for readings. From these informations, related countries and a figure of informations aggregation methods were studied and the most applicable 1s were chosen. On the other manus, primary informations resulted from a combination of two different set of questionnaires were developed specifically for each of the countries: EI and burnout. These questionnaires were combined along with the selected demographics variables. This subdivision further describes some advantages of carry oning a study utilizing questionnaires. It besides elaborates on each questionnaire that is used to mensurate the forecaster and standard variable of the current survey. 3.4.1 Personally Administered Questionnaires Survey research workers collect quantitative and numeral informations utilizing questionnaires ( Creswell, 2005 ) . A questionnaire is â€Å" a pre-formulated written set of inquiries to which respondents record their replies within closely defined options † ( Sekaran A ; Bougie, 2011 ) . Basically, questionnaires enable efficient informations aggregation when the research worker knows precisely what information is needed and how to mensurate the variables of the survey ( Sekaran A ; Bougie, 2011 ) . Specifically, this survey used personally administered questionnaire studies method for informations aggregation and the instrument of the survey was developed by incorporating the points applied by the old research workers. Harmonizing to Sekaran and Bougie ( 2011 ) , the chief advantages of personally administered questionnaires include: ( 1 ) can set up resonance and motivate respondent ; ( 2 ) uncertainties can be clarified on the topographic point ; ( 3 ) less expensive and consumers less clip than questioning when administered to groups of respondents ; ( 4 ) about 100 % response rate ensured and responses could be collected within a short period of clip ; and ( 5 ) namelessness of respondent is high. To plan a good questionnaire, Sekaran and Bougie ( 2011 ) stated that it is advisable to include some negatively worded inquiries alternatively of give voicing all inquiries positively. Thereby, the inclination in respondents to automatically circle the points towards one terminal of the graduated table is minimized. Nevertheless, in instance this does still go on, the research worker has an chance to observe such prejudice. Hence, both positively and negatively worded inquiries are included in the questionnaire for current research. Apart from that, double-barrelled, equivocal, recall-dependant, prima, and loaded inquiries, every bit good as societal desirableness responses have to be avoided ( Sekaran and Bougie, 2011 ) . The sequence of inquiries should be such that the respondent is led from inquiries of a general nature to those that are more specific, and from inquiries that are comparatively easy to reply to those that are increasingly more hard ( Sekaran and Bougie, 2011 ) . An full research rests on the measuring instruments, which must be dependable, valid, and appropriate for replying the research inquiry of the survey ( Leeky A ; Ormrod, 2005 ) . The usage of bing instruments ensures the quality of a study inquiries ( Cone A ; Foster, 1993 ) . Using bing instruments to build a measuring questionnaire adds proved cogency, dependability, truth, and effectivity from past usage ( Creswell, 2005 ) . Therefore, the research worker adapted self-report bing instruments to mensurate all the concepts of the present research. All the self-report steps are discussed in inside informations in the undermentioned subdivisions. 3.4.1.1 Schutte Self-Report Emotional Intelligence Test ( SSEIT ) This survey utilized the Schutte Self-Report Emotional Intelligence Test ( SSEIT ) ( Schutte et al. ; 1998 ) to measure the EI of the nurses working in the private infirmaries selected. SSEIT was chosen after consideration of several alternate steps of EI, including point EQ-i ( Bar-On, 1997 ) , the ECI ( Boyatzis, Goleman A ; Rhee, 2000 ) , and the MSCEIT ( Mayer, Salovey, Caruso A ; Sitarenios, 2003 ) . These steps were non used because they are proprietary and necessitate considerable clip to administrate. On the other manus, SSEIT provides research worker with the ability to hit the informations, does non imply cost for usage of the instrument, and is less time-consuming for the research participants. The SSEIT which besides referred as the Assessing Emotions Scale is a self-report step that measures EI as defined by Salovey and Mayer ( 1990 ) . Schutte et Al. ( 1998 ) conducted a series of surveies to develop the graduated table and to find its cogency and dependability. A factor analysis of more than 60 points suggested a one-factor solution of 33 points. This one-factor solution resulted in scale points stand foring each of the undermentioned three classs: ( 1 ) assessment and look of emotion in the ego and others ; ( 2 ) ordinance of emotion in the ego and others ; and ( 3 ) use of emotions in work outing jobs. However, the most widely used subscales derived from the 33-item SSEIT graduated table are based on factors identified by Petrides and Furnham ( 2000 ) , Ciarrochi, Chan, and Bajgar ( 2001 ) , and Saklofske, Austin, and Minski ( 2003 ) . These factor analytic surveies suggested a four-factor solution for the 33 points. The four factors are described as: ( 1 ) Percept of Emotion ( 10 points ) ; ( 2 ) Pull offing Own Emotions ( 9 points ) ; ( 3 ) Pull offing Others ‘ Emotions ( 8 points ) ; and ( 4 ) Use of Emotion ( 6 points ) ( Ciarrochi et al. , 2001 ) . The SSEIT graduated table has been used and validated in several surveies ( Petrides A ; Furnham, 2000 ; Schutte, Malouff, Bobik, Coston, Greeson, Jedlicka, Rhodes A ; Wendorf, 2001 ; Schutte, Malouff, Simunek, McKenley A ; Hollander, 2002 ; Charbonneau A ; Nocol, 2002 ) . In add-on, an internal consistence analysis with two different samples showed a Cronbach alpha of 0.90 and 0.87 ( Schutte et al. , 1998 ) . The sample points of this instrument include: â€Å" I find it difficult to understand the gestural messages of other people † for Perception of Emotion ( PE ) , â€Å" When I am faced with obstructions, I remember times I faced similar obstructions and get the better of them † for Pull offing Own Emotions ( ME ) , â€Å" I know when to talk about my personal jobs to others † for Pull offing Others ‘ Emotions ( MOE ) , and â€Å" Some of the major events of my life have led me to re-evaluate what is of import and non of import † for Utilization of Emotion ( UE ) . The SSEIT was rated on a 5-point Likert graduated table as in the original instrument with responses runing from 1 ( strongly disagree ) to 5 ( strongly agree ) . 3.4.1.2 Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Service Survey ( MBI-HSS ) Maslach ‘s Burnout Inventory ( MBI ) is normally used as a research tool in the current literature to mensurate the degree of burnout ( Lee, Ashforth A ; Blake, 1990 ; Kanste, Miettunen A ; Kyngas, 2006 ; Wu, Zhu, Wang, Wang A ; Lan, 2007 ) . This survey measured nurse burnout utilizing the 22-item Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Service Survey, 3rd edition ( MBI-HSS ) ( Maslach et al. , 1996 ) . MBI-HSS steps burnout among employees in human services establishments and wellness attention businesss such as nursing, societal work, psychological science, and ministry in footings of: ( 1 ) Emotional Exhaustion ( 9 points ) ; ( 2 ) Depersonalization ( 5 points ) ; and ( 3 ) Personal Accomplishment ( 8 points ) . The MBI-HSS has sound psychometric belongingss to guarantee dependability and cogency. MBI has demonstrated to hold concept cogency through the analysis of informations from a innovator instrument of 47 points administered to human service forces ( Maslach A ; Jackson, 1981a ) . Convergent cogency surveies indicate the MBI-HSS graduated tables measure the same concept as other burnout instruments. Correlations of emotional exhaustion and depersonalisation with other burnout self-report indexs are high ( rs gt ; .50 ) , where as correlativities with personal achievement are slightly lower ( rs gt ; .30 ) ( Schaufeli A ; Enzmann, 1998 ) . Maslach et Al. ( 1996 ) reported internal consistence of MBI with dependability coefficients as follows: I ± = .90 for emotional exhaustion ( EE ) , I ± = .79 for depersonalisation ( DP ) , and I ± = .71 for decreased personal achievement ( PA ) . Furthermore, the test-retest dependability ranged from moderate to high. The test-retest dependability coefficients were as follows: EE ( .82 ) , DP ( .62 ) , and PA ( .80 ) . Sample points from Emotional Exhaustion ( EE ) subscale include: â€Å" I feel emotionally drained from my work. † Sample points from Depersonalization ( DP ) subscale include: â€Å" I feel I treat some patients as if they were impersonal objects. † Sample points from Personal Accomplishment ( PA ) subscale include: â€Å" I can easy understand how my patients feel about things. † Basically, nurse burnout was measured based on statements that concern feelings or attitudes about one ‘s work and how frequently those feelings occur. The frequence with which the nurses experience each point was measured on a 5-point Likert Scale anchored by Never ( 1 ) and Everyday ( 5 ) . 3.4.1.3 Demographic Data It is a affair of pick for the research worker whether inquiries seeking personal information of respondents should look at the beginning or at the terminal of the questionnaire ( Sekaran A ; Bougie, 2011 ) . Harmonizing to Oppenheim ( 1986 ) , some research workers ask for personal informations at the terminal instead than the beginning of the questionnaire. Their logical thinking may be that by the clip the respondent reaches the terminal of the questionnaire, he or she has been convinced of the legitimacy and genuineness of the inquiries framed by the research worker and, therefore, is more inclined and conformable to portion personal information ( Sekaran A ; Bougie, 2011 ) . On the other manus, research workers who prefer to arouse most of the personal information at the really beginning may speak up that one time respondents have shared some of their personal history, they may hold psychologically identified themselves with the questionnaire, and may experience a committednes s to react ( Sekaran A ; Bougie, 2011 ) . Both these methods of seeking personal information have their pros and cons. For current survey, demographic information of the respondents were requested on the last subdivision of the questionnaire. This portion includes demographic information such as age, gender, cultural group, matrimonial position, old ages of work experience, making, nursing class, and section. The respondents were required to click the appropriate replies. The study questionnaire can be found in Appendix A. The two chief instruments selected for this survey have shown concept cogency and dependability based on old surveies but they have non been tested in the Malayan context. Therefore, the dependabilities of all the instruments and content cogency were tested during the pre-test. The sum-up of the questionnaire with the dislocation of subdivisions and the description of each of the survey instruments is shown in Table 3.1. How to cite Hypothesis Testing Is Undertaken Health And Social Care Essay, Essay examples

Business Economics Housing Finance in Australia †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about thee Business Economics Housing Finance in Australia. Answer: Introduction Significantly, Sydney and Melbourne have experienced among the highest housing prices in Australia and the world .Notably, some of Australia s population considers affording decent housing in Melbourne and Australia impossible due to income disparities. The housing price is way above most Australian pay grade thereby the need for government intervention to lower the housing prices in Sydney and Melbourne for affordability purposes for most of its population. Noteworthy, the high prices are attributed to shortage in supply of decent and affordable housing facilities (Collyer, 2016) Further, some economists attribute the high housing prices to population growth triggered by the influx of immigrants into the Sydney and Melbourne. Causes of the High Housing Prices Notably, interest rate on financial credit facilities affects the financial ability of potential new owners. Low income earners are likely to apply with loans with low interest rates due to their ability to repay thereby low interest rates on credit facilities will attract many borrowers thus the demand for decent housing facilities (Holt, 2009)Typically ,high interest rates imply high repayment terms thereby attracting few borrowers(Parliamentary business Committee ,n.d). In turn, there will be less demand for housing facilities in Sydney and Melbourne thus causing significant price reduction of housing facilities in the two areas(Robb,2017 .Usually, access to credit financial facilities has enabled low and middle income earners afford decent dwellings. Predominantly, global and national economic conditions affect the prices of goods and services. Government intervention in financial regulation is necessary and inevitable to provide financial stability.However,easy accessibility to financial credit packages has enabled most households in Australia achieve decent housing facilities and better economic livelihoods Consequently, this has increased the demand for decent housing facilities in Sydney and Melbourne due to their urbanized nature ,migration is inevitable .Following the increase in demand pressure has been put on the supply side of housing facilities in Melbourne and Sydney thereby influencing high prices of dwelling places.Inevitably,theres need to meet the demand. In addition, government intervention through regulation of land use through its policies and urban planning requirement has greatly affected the construction of urban housing facilities. Primarily ,the government of Australia prohibits the use of new land for construction in urban areas of its states which in turn limits the land available for construction of housing facilities in Sydney and Melbourne(Collyer,2016)Further ,the formulation of government policies against greenfield developments has denied housing providers the opportunity to meet the growing housing demand thus encouraging high prices of houses in Sydney and Australia due to the low supply despite the growing demand. Subsequently, foreign and domestic competition between housing providers has contributed to the high pricing of houses in Sydney and Melbourne(Exfin, n.d.) .Significantly ,foreign housing providers have relocated their business to Sydney and Melbourne thereby attracting their foreign folk to these cities and charging expensive housing prices .Further ,foreign investors have threatened business for local housing providers thus the influx of competitive markets(Verrender,2015)Also ,the presence of foreign dwellers in Sydney and Melbourne has increased the demand for housing facilities between locals and foreigners thereby contributing to the high housing prices in Sydney and Melbourne. Predominantly, population growth influences the supply and demand for any commodity or service and the housing sector is no exception .Inevitably ,the growth of households and the migration of Australians and foreigners into Sydney and Melbourne has contributed to it high pricing due to the increase in demand(Koziol,2017) .Population growth has put in place pressure on the already existing demand for housing and most housing providers are unable to supply due to various reasons thus encouraging the high housing prices on the existing short supply of dwelling facilities .Usually ,people are drawn to urban areas because of the job opportunities, better infrastructure and the hope for better economic livelihoods. Further, the price increase in Sydney and Melbourne is attributed to the household size changes. Noteworthy, the dwelling facilities in these areas are averagely big and some housing developers have adopted a luxurious approach which is naturally expensive thereby propelling the high housing prices in Sydney and Melbourne. Subsequently, the housing contractors are incurring substantially high operating and construction costs which in turn is transferred to housing consumers in a bid of making a profit and meeting the supply of housing facilities in Sydney and Melbourne .Also ,the focus on big households has created pressure on the existing small housing units thus making their prices high. Regulation Subsequently, the high house pricing in Sydney and Melbourne makes necessary the intervention of government thus the involvement of the government through incorporated measures to mitigate the undesirable consequences of the expensive prices on the housing market. Negatively, the high house price has caused poverty and indecent housing for most of the population in Sydney and Melbourne. Further, high interest rates on home ownership in these two areas is also a problem for some citizens living in Sydney and Melbourne thus the dire need for government intervention. Notably, the Australian government has availed financial incentives and loans to housing providers through grants and subsidies in an effort to boost the supply of houses in Sydney and Melbourne towards housing investments. Subsequently, the supply of houses will increase due to many investors into the sector who are attracted by the grant and subsidies on housing .Equally, the grants and subsidies has encourage local and foreign investment into the Australian housing service providers thereby meeting the growing need for housing at affordable prices for both local and foreign dwellers in Sydney and Melbourne. Through the grants and subsidies, jobs have been created for locals in the construction of housing facilities thereby boosting livelihoods. Further, investment by the government into public housing facilities is likely to reduce the rate of homelessness in most parts of Australian states .The availability of public housing will reduce the demand for houses in Sydney and Melbourne in turn reducing the high housing prices Primarily ,public housing facilities are likely to be cheaper thus affordable for most Australians thereby reducing the housing shortage in the process. Notably ,these public housing should be made available in urban areas to due to the ever growing demand pressure attributed to migration trends into the urban areas(Dalzell,2016)Usually ,public housing is a government based initiative to accord basic housing facilities to its citizens. In addition, there are alternative ways to home ownership available in Australia .For instance, credit financial facilities such as mortgages and loans have been made accessible to most of the Australian Population (Australian Bureau of statistics,n.d.)thereby enabling low and middle income earners to own decent housing in Sydney and Melbourne.Further,housing schemes have been implemented to enable easy access to decent housing facilities. Moreover, shared home ownership has also helped part of the Australian population home owners in highly priced places like Sydney and Melbourne(Dalzell,2016)The Australian housing department has made available shared home ownership arrangement.Primarily,new owners open start loan account with the bank and are offered part ownership of with the government staking 30% ownership. However, theres an option of buying out the government and acquiring full home ownership. Notably, this shared homeownership is advantageous because it allows low and middle income earners to afford decent housing facilities despite their current financial instability thus enabling a young professional afford housing facilities in highly priced areas like Sydney and Melbourne .The option of buying out the government of Australia has favorable terms to potential home owners since they are able to afford housing and buy ought the government at their own financial convenience. Significantly, this shared home ownership arrangements has reduced the number of homeless Australians in most urban areas. Also, the implementation of grants to first home owners has greatly afford young professionals the ability of young professionals to afford decent housing facilities in Sydney and Melbourne(Office of State Revenue,2017)Applications by first home owners for the grants are submitted to the housing Department of the Australian government. Successful first home grant applications have made the dream of home ownership more realizable for most young professionals (Lusted, 2017). Through this grants, first time ownership has been made easy thereby reducing homelessness and motivating the Australian professionals to afford decent houses despite their current financial status. In addition, the availability of mortgage loans to the Australian population has been made simple and affordable thus making it easy for a young professional to be a home owner in the highly priced Sydney and Melbourne areas. Notably, mortgages have provided decent housing for most of the population despite their current financial status due to the favorable payment terms. Predominantly, mortgage is a common way of home ownership for most people in developed economies. Mortgages have enabled low and middle income earners to be home owners despite their age and current financial status. Housing mortgages facilities are available through financial institutions and housing schemes. Conclusion Notably, Australia has among the highest housing prices in the world, in Melbourne and Sydney respectively .Primarily ,the high housing prices are attributed to easy accessibility of financial credit facilities ,low interest rates on financial credit facilities ,population increase and government regulation of land usage in urban areas among other factors .The growing demand for housing facilities in Australia has encountered supply chain challenges such as government regulation ,scarcity of land and high construction costs .Inevitably ,the high housing prices has made government intervention necessary through government regulation of financial sector, provision of grants and subsidies to boost housing investment and investing into public housing facilities to afford decent housing to low and middle income earners with decent and affordable housing. Eventually, high housing prices are likely to reduce due to government policies and measures. References Australian Bureau of Statistics. (n.d.)Housing Finance, Australia, February 2017.Australian Bureau of Statistics. [Online]Available at https://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs@.nsf/exnote/5609.0[Accessed 11 May 2017] Collyer, D. (2016). Australias housing bubble and the road to private serfdom. [Online] Prosper. Available at: https://www.prosper.org.au/2016/04/12/australias-housing-bubble-and-the-road-to-private-serfdom/ [Accessed 11 May. 2017]. Dalzell, S. (2016). Push for shared home ownership scheme in NSW to help those locked out of the market. [Online] ABC News. Available at: https://www.abc.net.au/news/2016-07-27/calls-for-nsw-shared-home-ownership-scheme-to-be-introduced/7666232 [Accessed 11 May. 2017]. Exfin. (n.d)The purchase of Australian property by foreign residents.Exfin.[Online]Available at https://exfin.com/australian-property-firb[Accessed 11 May 2017] First Home Owner Grant (New Homes) Scheme. (2017). [Online] Office of State Revenue. Available at: https://www.osr.nsw.gov.au/grants/fhog [Accessed 11 May. 2017]. Holt, J 2009, A Summary of the Primary Causes of the Housing Bubble and the Resulting Credit Crisis: A Non-Technical Paper, Journal of Business Inquiry, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 120-125. Koziol, M.(2017)Immigrants to blame for high house prices, Businessman Dick Smith claims. The Sydney Morning Herald.[Online]Available at https://www.smh.com.au/federal-politics/political-news/immigrants-to-blame-for-high-house-prices-businessman-dick-smith-claims-20170221-gui72k.html[Accessed 11 May 2017] Law, J. (2016). Housing affordability: Are foreign investors to blame for Australias high property prices. [Online] News.com. Available at: https://www.news.com.au/finance/real-estate/buying/housing-affordability-are-foreign-investors-to-blame-for-australias-high-propertyprices/news-story/710ba2cff1932f0fb3f81ce83a07946b [Accessed 11 May. 2017]. Lusted, P.(2017)First Home Owner Grant to double for Buyers in Regional Victoria. ABC News.[Online]Available at https://www.abc.net.au/news/2017-03-03/first-home-buyers-in-regional-victoria-to-get-a-20k-boost/8320902[Accessed 8 May 2017] Parliamentary Business Committee. (n.d.)Factors influencing the Demand For Housing. Parliamentary Business committee. [Online] Available at https://www.aph.gov.au/Parliamentary_Business/Committees/Senate/Former_Committees/hsaf/report/c04[Accessed 11 May 2017] Robb, K.(2017)Perth House bust: What can Sydney and Melbourne learn from the West? Domain. [Online]Available at https://www.domain.com.au/news/perth-house-price-bust-what-can-sydney-and-melbourne-learn-from-the-west-20170404-gvd9g0/[Accessed 11 May 2017] Verrender, I. (2016). Who's the real culprit behind soaring house prices? (Hint: it's not Chinese buyers). [Online] ABC. Available at https://www.abc.net.au/news/2015-06-08/verrender-whos-the-real-culprit-behind-soaring-house-prices/6528710 [Accessed 11 May 2017]